A | Russian President Vladimir Putin has underscored that the white-blue-and-red flag of the country “symbolizes our faith in our traditional values that we will never give up.” In an address on the occasion of National Flag Day, celebrated by Russia on August 22, he continued:,"Russia is a strong, independent world power. On the international stage, we are committed to pursuing only such policies that meet the vital interests of our Fatherland.",Putin added that the flag symbolizes faith in values such as “truth and justice, solidarity and mercy, and respect for Russia’s centuries-long uninterrupted history, the achievements and victories of our ancestors that inspire us to care for and defend our Motherland and never permit any foreign hegemony or diktat.”,© Sputnik / Evgeny Odinokov / Go to the photo bankRussian servicemen and the National Guard unfurled a 1,000-square-meter tricolor on National Flag Day near the Victory Museum in Moscow.Russian servicemen and the National Guard unfurled a 1,000-square-meter tricolor on National Flag Day near the Victory Museum in Moscow.© Sputnik / Evgeny Odinokov / Go to the photo bank,He added that starting from September 1, the beginning of the school year, all schools in Russia will begin each week with a ceremony of raising the flag and singing the national anthem.,Russia’s White-Blue-Red Tricolor,The Day of the State Flag was established on the basis of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated August 20, 1994.,On this day in 1991, the Supreme Council of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) adopted a resolution "On the Official Recognition and Use of the National Flag of the RSFSR." The move, just a few months before the official dissolution of the Soviet Union, brought back a design similar to the pre-revolutionary tricolor abolished in 1917.,Alternative View: Could USSR Have Avoided Dissolution, Overcome Crisis?17 August 2015, 13:47 GMT,The Soviet Union’s sickle-and-hammer flag was lowered on the night of December 25, 1991 and the Russian white-blue-red tricolor was raised in its place with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.,© Sputnik / Sergey Kuznecov / Go to the photo bankFlag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (File)Flag of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (File)© Sputnik / Sergey Kuznecov / Go to the photo bank,However, the actual origins of the flag predate the post-Soviet Russian state by centuries.,The white-blue-red flag was hoisted for the very first time on the first Russian man-of-war Orel during the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich (1645-1676). On January 20, 1705, Peter the Great issued a decree ordering all merchant ships to fly the white-blue-red flag.,In the beginning, the white-blue-red flag’s use was limited to vessels. It was the geographical discoveries of Russian navigators that led to the flag being associated with dry land as well.,Until the 19th century, Russian sailors typically erected a memorial cross on shore during such ventures to mark land they were claiming for the country.,Yet when the Russian expedition of 1806 explored the coast of southern Sakhalin, it landed and raised two flags: St. Andrew's flag celebrated the merit of the Navy, the state white-blue-red flag – Russia’s new territorial acquisition. Thus, in 1883, the Russian flag was authorized to be used on dry land.,Officially, the white-blue-red flag was approved as the state flag of Russia only on the eve of the coronation of Tsar Nicholas II in 1896.,The three colors of the flag received an official interpretation, where red meant "sovereignty," blue, the color of the Mother of God - under whose heavenly protection Russia’s land was deemed to be, and white, the color of freedom and independence.。 一边大肆喝酒、奶茶、吃烧烤、油炸食品，一边不敢看自己的体检报告，这或许是很多成年人的现状。▲图源：卡乐图片 贾琼 摄 女子血脂“爆表”体内抽出“牛奶血” 近日，深圳市松岗人民医院重症医学科收治了一名血脂“爆表”诱发急性胰腺炎的女性患者。 在完善检查过程中，医生发现该名患者的甘油三酯指标高达157mmol/L，比正常值高出近百倍，严重“爆表”。如此高的血脂，诱发了患者急性胰腺炎的发作，引起患者腹痛、恶心、呕吐不止而入院就医，病情危重。 尽快将甘油三酯降至正常是延缓脂源性胰腺炎进展的关键。而双重滤过血浆置换能够快速有效地清除体内的甘油三酯。
B | 该院重症医学科团队决定立即对其开展双重滤过血浆置换治疗。 从患者体内置换出的如“牛奶”般的甘油三酯。▲图源：深圳新闻网 视频截图 该名患者在通过双重滤过血浆置换后，甘油三酯水平由157mmol/L迅速下降至16mmol/L。经过及时的治疗，患者病情逐渐平稳，脱离生命危险。 其实，“牛奶血”并不少见！广州日报近几年也有相似案例报道： 38岁的阿坤（化名）已有13年糖尿病史，但认为自己还年轻，经常没有节制地胡吃海喝。某晚大吃一顿海鲜加熬夜喝酒吃烧烤后，隔天阿坤突然瘫倒在沙发上。紧急送医后，医生发现阿坤的血浆跟酸奶一样，甘油三酯水平超出正常人16倍！医生推断，阿坤是长期高血脂症导致颅内血管动脉硬化堵塞，最终引起中风。 2023年，不到30岁就有代谢紊乱综合征的阿文（化名），在一顿大快朵颐之后，她突然感觉上腹剧痛，这种痛还逐渐蔓延至腰背。
C | 医生判断，阿文很可能是高脂血症引起的急性胰腺炎。 阿文被迅速转诊到广医五院。
D | 化验结果显示，阿文血液中含有很高的脂肪成分，抽出来的4000毫升血通过净化治疗后，分离出一袋200毫升的血脂及有害物质，像“黄油”一般。 什么是“牛奶血”？▲图源网络 在人体血液中，存在着各种脂蛋白，其中有一种外源性脂蛋白乳糜微粒，主要来源于食物脂肪中，其含有大量的甘油三酯。 如果甘油三酯在血液中的浓度超过11.3毫摩尔/升，血浆就会呈现出乳白色，也叫乳糜血。平时饮食油腻的人，容易出现乳糜血。 以上几个案例都有一个共同点：甘油三酯严重超标。 医生提醒： 人体的甘油三酯畸高，特别容易导致肾衰、肝衰、肺栓塞，以及心梗、脑梗和四肢坏疽等致死性疾病。 一旦血液变得黏稠，流速就会变慢，油脂沉淀到血管内膜上就容易引发血管硬化，不断加剧的血管硬化，就会导致血流梗阻。血流梗到哪里，哪个脏器就缺血、衰竭。 医生提醒： 肥胖、久坐不运动、吸烟、酗酒、暴饮暴食、偏食、饮食不规律以及精神紧张等都是引起血脂异常的高危因素。 如何才能有效降低甘油三酯呢？ 一方面要清淡饮食。一些肉类及油炸、烘焙食品，往往含有不易消化的饱和脂肪酸和反式脂肪酸，是导致甘油三酯升高的原因之一，应该尽量少吃；而蔬菜水果、杂粮类富含膳食纤维的食物可以多吃。爱吃肉的人，可以选择禽肉、鱼肉等，特别是深海鱼肉。深海鱼肉含有的DHA和EPA，有利于肠道脂质排泄，是降低甘油三酯的好食材。 另一方面要加强运动。坚持锻炼，可以有效改善甘油三酯代谢，往往会起到降低甘油三酯的效果。
E | 另外，还应该注意戒烟限酒，控制体重，少熬夜。 在生活调理的同时，也可以考虑服用药物来控制甘油三酯。目前较为常见的控制甘油三酯的药物包括贝特类药物，如苯扎贝特、非诺贝特等，苯扎贝特尤其适合糖尿病伴高甘油三酯血症的患者。药物治疗也需根据患者的身体情况而定，用药期间注意监测肝功能，如果与他汀类药物联用，则更要注意肝功能损伤风险。 （中国小康网微信公众号综合深圳新闻网、南方都市报、广州日报、中国医药报） 编辑：周经韬 审核：王芳。
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